Nestled in a horseshoe bend of the Doubs River, Besançon is a captivating city in eastern France, renowned for its rich history, architectural heritage, and watchmaking expertise. As the capital of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region,Besançon offers a unique blend of ancient charm and modern vibrancy, with its well-preserved citadel, picturesque old town, and thriving cultural scene.
Historical Significance
- Citadelle de Besançon (Citadel of Besançon): A UNESCO World Heritage Site, this imposing 17th-century fortress, designed by Vauban, dominates the city skyline and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. Explore the citadel's ramparts, bastions, and museums, including the Musée de la Résistance et de la Déportation (Museum of the Resistance and Deportation) and the Musée Comtois (Museum of Franche-Comté).
- Cathédrale Saint-Jean (St. John's Cathedral): This Roman Catholic cathedral, a blend of Romanesque and Gothic styles, is a testament to Besançon's religious heritage. Admire the astronomical clock, a masterpiece of mechanical engineering with over 30,000 parts, and explore the cathedral's chapels and crypt.
- Palais Granvelle (Granvelle Palace): This Renaissance palace, once the residence of Cardinal Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, is a magnificent example of 16th-century architecture. Admire the ornate facade, explore the interior courtyard, and visit the Time Museum, which showcases the city's watchmaking heritage.
Watchmaking Heritage
- Musée du Temps (Time Museum): Located in the Palais Granvelle, this museum traces the history of timekeeping, from ancient sundials to modern atomic clocks. Explore the exhibits, admire the collection of clocks and watches, and learn about the importance of timekeeping in human history.
- Utinam Besançon: School of Watchmaking: This prestigious school, founded in the 19th century, trains future watchmakers and perpetuates the city's long tradition of watchmaking excellence.
Cultural Experiences
- Festival International de Musique de Besançon Franche-Comté: This annual music festival, held in September,showcases a diverse range of classical music performances by renowned artists.
- Les 25èmes Rencontres de Chœurs d’Enfants: This children's choir festival, held every two years, brings together young singers from around the world to perform in various venues throughout the city.
- Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'Archéologie (Museum of Fine Arts and Archaeology): This museum houses a collection of paintings, sculptures, and archaeological artifacts, spanning from ancient Egypt to the 20th century.
Urban Delights
- La Boucle (The Loop): This historic district, located in the heart of Besançon, is a charming area with narrow streets, half-timbered houses, and lively squares. Explore the shops, cafes, and restaurants, or simply wander aimlessly and soak in the atmosphere.
- Promenade Micaud: This scenic promenade, along the banks of the Doubs River, offers stunning views of the citadel and the city. Take a leisurely stroll, rent a bike, or enjoy a picnic on the lawns.
Culinary Delights
Besançon's cuisine is a reflection of its Franche-Comté heritage, with hearty dishes, rich flavors, and a focus on local ingredients. Savor local specialties like:
- Saucisse de Morteau: This smoked sausage, a specialty of the Franche-Comté region, is made with pork and spices.
- Mont d'Or cheese: This creamy cheese, made from cow's milk, is a local delicacy, often served melted and warm.
- Tarte aux myrtilles: This blueberry tart, a regional dessert, is made with fresh blueberries and a flaky crust.
Getting There and Around
Besançon is easily accessible by train from major cities in France, including Paris and Lyon. The city also has a small airport, Besançon-La Vèze Airport, with flights to some destinations in France. Once in Besançon, you can explore the city on foot, by bike, or by using the city's public transportation system, which includes buses and trams.
Accommodation
Besançon offers a range of accommodation options to suit all budgets and preferences, from budget-friendly hotels and guesthouses to charming bed and breakfasts and luxurious hotels.
Overall Impression
Besançon, with its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant cultural scene, is a city that offers a unique and enriching experience for travelers. Whether you're interested in exploring historical sites, immersing yourself in the local culture, or simply enjoying the city's charming atmosphere, Besançon is sure to leave a lasting impression.